Automatic ventilator



c. 0. SHIPP.

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOH.

. APPLICATION FILED IAN-19,1920- v 1,388,61 1 Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

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crimes 0. enter, or mnmnaroms, INDIANA.

i Auromrrc, vmrmna'rom To allwhom it may concern: I

' Be it known that I, CLARENCE a citizen of the United States, Indianapolis, inkthe county of Marion and State of Indiana, have invented new and useful Improvements in Automatic V entilators, of which the following is a specification. I

Fresh air intakes for crowded rooms such as school-rooms, legislative and convention halls, office s, factories, and the like, are

essential to the vigor, efiiciency, and health a of the occupants. Damper-regulated conduits receiving air from the outside, and discharging it .into

' passing between coils have been provided, but so far as .I know the dampers have been manually opened and closed, which introduces the human element the dampers correspondingly open, reac by inclosing of wrong judgment, and of neglect.

The object of this invention is so to, connect the damper with a thermostat thatthe outside air supply will be automatically,

regulated,;caus1ng the damper to close at about 68 degrees, and to remain closed at that and lowertemperatures and to gradually open above 68 degrees to a full open position at about '72 degrees, at and above which temperature it remains 0 en.

I have found this particular y. beneficial in the ventilation of school rooms. At night when the fires are banked and the temperature falls below 68 degrees, allof the'dampers close automatically. When the 'anitor fires up in the morning, and the schoo -room temperature reaches and exceeds 68 de ees mg full open position at 72 degrees, and remaining-open at 72 degrees and .above. 'Should a cold wind be blowing when the fires are renewed in the morning, the damper on the windward side of the house will remain correspondingly close until at Q8 degrees and under, the closure will be complete.

In practice I have attained the best results part of the radiator sections within a vertical sheet-metal box which is open at its top, and communicates at its lower end with a horizontal box leading through the adjacent wall of the building'to residing at such occupied rooms into the room after Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug.f23,1921. Application fled January 19, 1920. Serial No. 352,357. i

ecting it to the temperature of the room atmosphere.

r I accomplish the above, and other objects Which will hereinafterappear, by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Flgurejl, is aavertical section showing a v radiator, housed within a radiator box into which a wall box discharges, the latter having a damper, and means for automatically opening and closing the damper by a thermostat located in a wall of the radiator-box.

Fig. 2, is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 showing thermostat levers and their connections; and Fig. 3 is a fragment, from the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, showing a part of the inner wall of the radiator-box with particular reference to the thermostat insulation, and the fresh airdamper indicator.

Like characters of reference indicate like parts in the three views.

The floor joist 4, supports a floor 5, and itself is supported bya wall 6,'having an opening slightly above the floor in which a metal wall box 7 is built. This box 7 communicates with the outside air at one end,

and at its other end discharges into a vertical sheet-metal radiator-box 8, which surrounds some of the sections of a radiator 9, of usual construction. The top of the radiator-box-is open, whereby fresh air from the outside of the building is discharged being warmed by passing the radiator 9; A

Theouter end of wall box 7, is provided with storm louvers 10, and an insect-screen 11, an, in further, with a damper 12, hinged at its upper edge so as to be more or less opened b swinging it on its hinges. To this end it has ears to which one end. of a link 13 is pivoted. The other end of link lower end pivoted to the floor of the wallbox. A push-bar 15, is pivoted at one end, to the upperend of lever 14; and, in my early installations, theother end of bar 1 Was extended through a suitable opening in the base of the radiator-box into convenient access for manual adjustment of the dam-per by a person in the room.

i The mechanism thus far described is 13, is pivoted to, a lever 14, which has its shown in previous patents issued to me, and

- is. objectionable because not automatic in its operation, but is, dependent upon human attention, and subject to human neglect.

In my present in'vention,,instead of extending the push-bar through the front of u the radiator-box, I bend the end up as shown, and attach a chain 16, which is carried back and under a sheave 17, and

thence up outside of the radiator\ box, to a vertically reciprocating bar 18, which is connected by a'pair of rods 19, 19, with.

which vary in then distances apart with the expansion, and "contraction, ofthe heatsensitive substance confined between them.

One of the said metal disks, and preferably the outer one 22, I prefer to form integrally from the material of the radiatorbox 8, by a suitable stamping operation. The necessary depth of the recess will not be anywhere as great in proportion as shownin Fig. 1, because allof the proportions are here purposely exaggerated for greater clearness in'illustration. The inner disk 23, is soldered, or otherwise tightly and securely united at-its edges, to the. disk 22, after the mercury, or ether is added. The integral annular member 24:, uniting disk 22, with the back of box 8, has perforations 25, for the free circulation therethrough of the surrounding air ofthe room;

, neled friction-wheel .34.

and, to protect the sensitive contents be damper,

tween the,. disks from the direct heat from the radiator, I cover the mouth of the recess with asbestos 26, which is retained by a metal plate 27.

Mounted between the disk 23, and asbestos 26, and supported from themember 24, is a tripod 28, which supports a bar 29, to which the levers 20, and 21, are pivoted, (see Fig.- '2). Theinner short arms of the levers are connected by rods '30, 30, with the two ends of a pin 31 mounted in a lever 32, which is pivoted to the tri od"28.; The opposite end of lever 32 is bi rcated, and, between the resulting arms, a friction-wheel 33,is mounted. The latter makes rollin contact against the disk 23, (see Fig. 1) w ereby the lever 32 is moved in a direction to raise levers 20, and 21, when the disk 23 isforced toward it by the expansion of the material between the two disks. This raises bar 18, and pulls on chain16, thereby moving the bar 15, longitudinally, and operating lever 14,.and link 13, to open'the damper 12. The bar 15, is guided and :partially supported by a chan- Supported by the back member oi the radiator-box is a vertical plate 35, bearing the legend Shut (m that face which is toward the room, and below the legend is a fixed vertical plate 36 between which, and

plate 35, is a space in which the movable plate 35 covers The required movement is accomplished a vertical slot in bar 18. A slot is required in bar 18, because the travel of the latter is greater than the desired movement of plate 37, and the slot affords the necessary lost motion. A slot in box 8, is required to allow the bent end of the rod 38, to reach bar '18, and the bottom of the slot in the box 8, limits the downward movement of the rod. In summer when the tem erature is high enough to so act on the tiermostat" as to kee the damper constantly 0 en, it is also desirable to keep the damper c osed in order to exclude dust," and on suchoccasions the chain 17,, is unhooked from the bar 18, 'A wring R on the end of chain 17, is too large to'pass throu h the hole in box 7, and remains in reac ready to be hooked to the bar 18, to restore the operativeness of the device. A water pan 40 in box 8 in front of the radiator is kept from freezing, as a )result of carelessness in not closing the by the automatic closing of same as here provided.

Startmg with the device closed as shown in Fig. 1, an expansion of the mercury between the sheet metal disks 22 and 23 expands with an increase of temperature in the room and moves the lever 32 in a direction to,lower' the short arms of the levers 20 and 21- to which it is attached by links 30,

connected by bar13, and opens the damper thereby admitting outside air into the room. The lowering of the. bar 18 lowers the rod 38 and its plate so the legends will be changed.

,While' I have heredescribed the best form of my invention now known to me, various substitutes are possible in the sensitive-toheat element, and the mechanism for' opening and closing the damper by the ex 'ansion and contraction oi said element is su ject to modification without departing from the spll'lt of my invention. therefore, do not quired by the appended claims radiator-box,

\ said recess I cla1m 1. The combination, with a heat-radiator, of a radiator-box surrounding the radiator having an outward recess formed in its wall, a disk-closure forming a sealed chamber in said recess, the outer wall of the recess forming one of the walls of the sealed chamber, a

heat-sensitive substance in said chamber moving said disk closure by its expansion, mechanism assembled in said recess for multiplying the movement of the disk closure, a cold-air box discharging into the radiatorbox, a damper in the cold-air box, and ,means for operatively connecting the damper with said mul iplying mechanism.

2. The combination, with a heat-radiator, of aradiator-box surrounding the radiator having an outward I'eoess formed in its a disk-closure forming a sealed chamber in said recess, the outer wall of the recess forming one-of the walls of the sealed ohamber, a heat-sensitive fluid in said chamber moving said disk-closureby expansion and contractlon, mechanism assembled within for multiplying the movement of the disk-closure, aninsulating material between said multiplying mechanism and radiator, a cold-air box discharging into the a damper in the'cold-air box wall,

damper with said multiplying mechanism. 3. The combination with a heat radiator,

of a sheet'metal radiator-box having a recess pressed in its wall, and a disk closure forming a sealed chamber in said recess the outer wall of the recess forming one of the walls of the seal-ed chamber.

4. The combination with a heat radiator, of a sheet metal radiator-box having a recess 'pressedin its wall, a thermostat chamber formed by closing off a portion of the recess, theouter wall of the recess forming one of thewalls of the sealed chamber, and an insulation protecting the thermostat chamber from the direct heat of the radiator.

5. The combination with a heat radiator,

of a sheet metal radiator box having a re cess pressed in its wall, a disk closure forming a sealed thermostat chamber in said recess, the outer wall of the recess forming one of the walls of a sealed chamber, and a heat insulation closing the recess from the interior of the box, the walls of said recess between the insulation and closure having openings for the free circulation of air therethrough.

Signed at Indianapolis, Indiana, this the 13th day of January, 1920.

CLARENCE O. SHIPP.

and means for operatively connecting the 

